Understanding the CLAT subjects helps candidates prepare with the right strategy. The CLAT UG exam includes 5 subjects, while CLAT PG covers 13 core law subjects. Both exams are conducted for 120 minutes and follow a 0.25 negative marking scheme.
The CLAT UG syllabus focuses on English, Legal Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, Current Affairs, and Quantitative Techniques. The CLAT PG syllabus tests core legal subjects such as Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Jurisprudence, Contract Law, and Administrative Law.
This guide covers the complete CLAT subjects list, important topics, section-wise weightage, and the latest syllabus for both UG and PG exams.
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CLAT Subjects Overview
The table below provides a quick overview of the CLAT subjects for UG and PG:
| Particulars | CLAT UG | CLAT PG |
| Duration | 120 Minutes | 120 Minutes |
| Questions | 120 MCQs | 120 Objective Questions |
| Negative Marking | -0.25 | -0.25 |
| Subjects | 5 Subjects | 13 Law Subjects |
| Focus | Comprehension, Reasoning, GK & Quant | Core Law Subjects & Legal Interpretation |
| Question Type | Passage-based MCQs | Passage-based Legal Questions |
Also read CLAT marking scheme for exam strategy.
CLAT Subjects for UG
The CLAT UG subjects measure comprehension, reasoning, awareness, and numerical ability. Each section contributes to overall performance in the examination.
The 5 CLAT exam subjects for UG are:
| Subject | What It Tests |
| Legal Reasoning | Legal principles and analytical thinking |
| English Language | Reading comprehension and vocabulary skills |
| Quantitative Techniques | Basic mathematics and data interpretation |
| Current Affairs & General Knowledge | Awareness of recent events and general knowledge |
| Logical Reasoning | Critical thinking and logical analysis |
CLAT UG Legal Reasoning Subject
The CLAT Legal Reasoning section includes 28–32 questions and carries nearly 25% weightage.
Constitution
Constitution questions assess knowledge of India’s legal framework and governance.
Key topics:
- Emergency Provisions
- Constitutional Doctrines
- Basics of the Constitution
- Fundamental Rights
- Directive Principles
Contract Law
This topic explains the essentials of legally enforceable agreements.
Key topics:
- Types of Contracts
- Breach and Remedies
- Offer and Acceptance
- Consideration
- Capacity to Contract
Tort Law
It focuses on civil wrongs and legal liability.
Key topics:
- Negligence
- Nature of Torts
- Nuisance
- Vicarious Liability
- Defamation
- Trespass
Criminal Law
This section covers offences and their legal consequences.
Key topics:
- Culpable Homicide
- Sexual Offences
- Defences in Criminal Law
- Offences
- Criminal Intent
Family Law
Family Law deals with legal matters affecting families and personal relationships. Questions focus on important personal laws and rights.
Key topics:
- Marriage Laws
- Inheritance
- Adoption
- Divorce Laws
- Maintenance
Evidence Act
This topic evaluates knowledge of legal evidence and courtroom procedures.
Key topics:
- Estoppel
- Dying Declarations
- Admissions
- Confessions
- Burden of Proof
International Law Basics
International Law introduces legal principles governing relations between nations. Questions often cover treaties and global legal frameworks.
Key topics:
- Recognition of States
- Refugee Laws
- International Treaties
- Monism and Dualism
Other Law Basics
This section covers emerging and specialised areas of law.
Key topics:
- Intellectual Property Rights
- Data Protection Laws
- Arbitration
- Current Legal Issues
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CLAT UG English Language Subject
The CLAT English Language section includes 22–26 questions and carries nearly 20% weightage. Candidates answer passage-based questions that test comprehension, interpretation, and logical thinking.
Reading Comprehension
This CLAT subject includes passages of about 450 words. Candidates must understand the main idea, inferences, summary-based questions, tone, and viewpoints.
English Grammar
Grammar questions test sentence structure and correct language usage.
Key topics:
- Modals
- Conditionals
- Phrasal Verbs
- Determiners
- Parts of Speech
- Tenses
Literary Devices
Literary devices assess the understanding of figurative language in passages.
Key topic:
- Common literary terms and their applications
Paragraph-Based Questions
These questions measure logical sequencing and paragraph organisation.
Key topics:
- Para Completion
- Para Jumbles
- Para Summary
Vocabulary
Vocabulary questions assess contextual understanding and word usage.
Key topics:
- Synonyms
- Antonyms
- Analogies
- One-word Substitutions
- Root Words
- Homophones
- Idioms
CLAT UG Quantitative Techniques Subject
The CLAT Quantitative Techniques section includes 10–14 questions and contributes nearly 10% weightage.
Mensuration
Mensuration tests knowledge of geometric measurements and formulas. Candidates calculate area, volume, and surface area accurately.
Key topics:
- Area of Geometrical Shapes
- Volume of Geometrical Shapes
- Surface Area
Data Interpretation
This topic evaluates the ability to analyse numerical information. Candidates interpret data presented in different formats.
Key topics:
- Tables
- Charts
- Graphs
- Caselets
Basic Calculations
Basic calculations form the foundation of this section. Strong arithmetic skills improve speed and accuracy during the examination.
Key topics:
- Squares, Square Roots
- Cubes, Cube Roots
- Multiplication and Division
- Fractions
- Rules of Divisibility
Profit and Loss
Questions assess practical applications of arithmetic concepts.
Key topic:
- Profit, Loss, and Discount
Interest Calculations
Interest questions test financial mathematics fundamentals.
Key topics:
- Simple & Compound Interest
Time and Work
This topic measures work efficiency and problem-solving ability.
Key topic:
- Work Efficiency
- Pipes and Cisterns
Percentage and Ratios
This topic evaluates mathematical comparison and numerical relationships.
Key topics:
- Percentage Calculations
- Ratio and Proportion
- Ages
- Partnership
- Averages
Time, Speed, and Distance
Candidates solve motion-based numerical problems using standard formulas.
Key topics:
- Boats and Streams
- Trains
- Relative Speed
Probability
Probability questions assess logical and mathematical reasoning.
Key topics:
- Basics of Probability
- Permutation & Combination
Check out CLAT Maths Syllabus 2027
CLAT UG Current Affairs and General Knowledge Subject
The Current Affairs and General Knowledge section evaluates awareness of recent events and important concepts. It includes 28–32 questions and carries nearly 25% weightage.
Basics of International Relations
This topic focuses on India’s relations with other countries and global organisations.
Key topics:
- India’s relations with neighbouring countries
- Important international organisations
- Major world leaders
- Foreign policies
Art and Culture
This topic highlights India’s rich cultural traditions and heritage.
Key topics:
- Indian Art
- Cultural Heritage
- Literature
- Dance Forms
- Architecture
Basics of Economics
Economics questions test fundamental financial and economic concepts.
Key topics:
- Inflation
- Banking
- Union Budget
- National Income
- Economic Glossary
- Money and Capital Markets
- Economic Organisations and Reports
Constitution of India
Questions assess knowledge of India’s constitutional framework and governance.
Key topics:
- President and Vice President
- Constitutional and Non-Constitutional Bodies
- Centre-State Relations
- Parliament
- Judiciary
- Election System
Important Current Events
This section covers significant national and international developments.
Key topics:
- Environment
- Significant Developments
- Science and Technology
- Government Schemes
- National and International Reports
History
History questions focus on important events and personalities.
Key topics:
- Major Historical Events
- Historical Figures
- Freedom Struggles
- Significant Milestones
Attempt FREE CLAT Mock Test 2027
CLAT UG Logical Reasoning Subject
The CLAT Logical Reasoning section measures analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities. It includes 22–26 questions and contributes nearly 20% weightage.
Parallel Reasoning
In this section, candidates must identify patterns and accurately match equivalent reasoning.
Key topic:
- Drawing Analogies and Recognising Similar Logical Structures
Critical Reasoning
Critical reasoning tests argument evaluation and logical analysis.
Key topics:
- Evaluation of Arguments
- Assumptions
- Inferences
- Cause and Effect
- Strengthening and Weakening Arguments
- Resolving Paradoxes
Analytical Reasoning
This topic assesses logical thinking through structured problems.
Key topics:
- Blood Relations
- Direction Sense
- Syllogisms
- Coding-Decoding
- Seating Arrangement
- Calendars
- Clocks
Course of Action
Questions evaluate decision-making in different situations.
Key topic:
- Logical Decision-Making
Flaw in Reasoning
This topic identifies weaknesses in logical arguments.
Key topic:
- Identifying Logical Fallacies
CLAT Subjects for PG
The CLAT PG syllabus focuses on legal comprehension and analytical skills. The exam lasts 120 minutes and includes 120 objective-type questions. The syllabus covers important undergraduate law subjects.
The major CLAT PG subjects include:
| Criminal Law | Company Law |
| Constitutional Law | Environmental Law |
| Family Law | Jurisprudence |
| Labour and Industrial Law | Law of Contracts |
| Property Law | Public International Law |
| Administrative Law | Tax Law |
| Tort Law | – |
CLAT 2027 All-in-One Guide Table:
CLAT PG Criminal Law Subject
The CLAT PG Criminal Law subject covers mens rea, general exceptions, joint liability, and offences against persons and property. It carries 10–15 marks.
- General Exceptions: Cover situations exempting criminal liability.
- Joint Liability: Covers shared criminal responsibility among offenders.
- Mens Rea: Explains the guilty mind required to establish an offence.
- Defences in Criminal Law: Covers legal defences such as insanity and intoxication.
- Sentencing Principles: Explains factors affecting criminal punishment.
- Offences Against Person and Property: Includes offences like murder, theft, robbery, and assault.
CLAT PG Company Law Subject
The CLAT PG Company Law section focuses on incorporation, directors’ duties, corporate governance, and related areas. It carries 5–8 marks.
- Directors’ Duties: Covers the roles and responsibilities of company directors.
- Corporate Governance: Focuses on ethical and transparent business management.
- Incorporation: Explains the legal process of forming a company.
- Share Capital: Explains the ownership structure through company shares.
- Winding Up: Covers the legal process of company liquidation.
CLAT PG Constitutional Law Subject
This section Fundamental Rights, DPSPs, Judicial Review, the Basic Structure Doctrine, and Centre–State Relations. It carries the highest weightage of 20–25 marks.
- Preamble: Explains the objectives and values of the Indian Constitution.
- Fundamental Rights: Covers constitutional rights, their scope, and legal protection.
- Federalism and Centre–State Relations: Explains the distribution of powers between the Union and States.
- Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSPs): Focus on principles guiding governance and public welfare.
- Basic Structure Doctrine: Explains the Constitution’s essential features that cannot be amended.
- Emergency Provisions: Cover constitutional provisions during national, state, and financial emergencies.
- Amendment of the Constitution: Explains the amendment procedure under Article 368.
- Fundamental Duties: Explains the constitutional responsibilities of Indian citizens.
- Separation of Powers: Covers the roles of the Legislature, Executive, and Judiciary.
- Judicial Review: Tests the power of courts to examine laws and executive actions.
- Writ Jurisdiction: Covers constitutional remedies for protecting fundamental rights.
CLAT PG Environmental Law Subject
The CLAT PG Environmental Law section carries 5–8 marks. It focuses on the Environment Protection Act, Polluter Pays Principle, and PILs.
- Environment Protection Act, 1986: Covers the legal framework for environmental protection.
- Polluter Pays Principle: Explains liability for causing environmental damage.
- Public Interest Litigation (PIL): Covers legal remedies for environmental protection.
- International Environmental Conventions: Explains major global environmental agreements.
- Sustainable Development: Focuses on balancing development with environmental conservation.
CLAT PG Family Law Subject
The CLAT PG Family Law section includes marriage, divorce, adoption, maintenance, succession, and the Uniform Civil Code. 5 marks are allotted for this section.
- Adoption and Guardianship: Covers legal adoption and child custody provisions.
- Succession and Inheritance: Explains the transfer of property under personal laws.
- Marriage and Divorce: Covers legal conditions, validity, and dissolution of marriage.
- Maintenance: Explains financial support for spouses, children, and dependants.
- Uniform Civil Code: Covers the concept of uniform personal laws for all citizens.
CLAT PG Jurisprudence Subject
It covers legal theories, sources of law, rights, duties, justice, and legal personality and carries 10–15 marks.
- Legal Realism and Natural Law: Introduces major schools of legal thought.
- Nature and Definition of Law: Explains the meaning, purpose, and functions of law.
- Sources of Law: Covers customs, precedents, and legislation.
- Legal Theories: Focuses on theories proposed by Austin, Kelsen, Hart, and Salmond.
- Ownership and Possession: Covers legal ownership and property rights.
- Rights and Duties: Explains legal rights and corresponding obligations.
- Justice and Morality: Examines the relationship between law, ethics, and justice.
- Liability and Sanctions: Explains legal responsibility and consequences of unlawful acts.
- Legal Personality: Covers the legal recognition of individuals and entities.
CLAT PG Labour and Industrial Law Subject
The CLAT PG Labour and Industrial Law section carries 5 marks. It covers industrial disputes, trade unions, labour codes, minimum wages, and social security laws.
- Industrial Disputes and Resolution: Covers mechanisms for resolving workplace disputes.
- Labour Codes (2020): Explains the consolidated labour laws governing employment.
- Trade Unions: Explains the formation and role of workers’ organisations.
- Minimum Wages and Bonus Laws: Covers statutory provisions for employee compensation.
- Social Security Laws: Focuses on provident fund, gratuity, and employee benefits.
CLAT PG Law of Contract Subject
The CLAT PG Law of Contract carries 8–10 marks. It includes offer and acceptance, free consent, breach of contract, indemnity, guarantee, and agency.
- Void and Voidable Contracts: Explains contracts that are invalid or legally enforceable.
- Offer and Acceptance: Covers the essentials of forming a valid contract.
- Consideration: Explains the exchange of value between contracting parties.
- Free Consent: Covers agreements made without coercion, fraud, or misrepresentation.
- Breach of Contract: Covers violations of contract terms and available legal remedies.
- Agency: Explains relationships where one person acts for another.
- Quasi Contracts: Explains obligations created by law without formal agreements.
- Indemnity and Guarantee: Covers legal protection against losses and liabilities.
Explore important Resources for CLAT Preparation here:
CLAT PG Property Law Subject
The CLAT PG Property Law section carries 5 marks. It covers sale, lease, mortgage, easements, licences, ownership, and the doctrine of part performance.
- Transfer of Property: Explains the legal transfer of property rights.
- Ownership and Possession: Explains legal ownership and possession rights.
- Sale, Lease, and Mortgage: Covers major methods of property transfer.
- Easements and Licences: Explain rights over another person’s property.
- Doctrine of Part Performance: Covers protection under unregistered property agreements.
CLAT PG Public International Law Subject
It covers treaties, state jurisdiction, recognition of states, and the International Court of Justice. 5–8 marks are allotted for this section.
- Law of Treaties: Covers the formation and enforcement of international agreements.
- Recognition of States and Governments: Explains legal recognition under international law.
- State Jurisdiction and Immunity: Explains the authority and legal immunity of states.
- International Court of Justice: Covers the role of the ICJ in resolving international disputes.
- Sources of International Law: Covers treaties, customs, and general legal principles.
CLAT PG Administrative Law Subject
The CLAT PG Administrative Law section carries 5–8 marks. It focuses on delegated legislation, natural justice, judicial review, tribunals, and administrative discretion.
- Delegated Legislation: Covers laws framed under powers delegated by Parliament.
- Judicial Review: Explains court supervision over administrative decisions.
- Natural Justice: Focuses on principles ensuring fair administrative actions.
- Tribunals: Cover quasi-judicial bodies resolving specialised disputes.
- Administrative Discretion: Covers the legal exercise of administrative powers.
- Ombudsman and Lokpal: Explain institutions promoting administrative accountability.
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CLAT PG Tax Law Subject
In this CLAT PG section, candidates should understand direct and indirect taxes, GST, Income Tax, and tax assessment procedures. It carries 3–5 marks.
- Constitutional Provisions on Taxation: Covers the taxation powers of the Union and States.
- Direct and Indirect Taxes: Cover taxes on income, goods, and services.
- Tax Assessment and Appeals: Explains tax assessment procedures and dispute resolution.
- Income Tax and GST Basics: Explains the basic structure of India’s taxation system.
CLAT PG Tort Law Subject
The CLAT PG Tort Law carries 5–8 marks. It covers negligence, nuisance, defamation, vicarious liability, strict liability, and available remedies.
- Negligence: Covers failure to exercise reasonable care.
- Vicarious Liability: Explains liability for another person’s wrongful acts.
- Nuisance: Explains unlawful interference with property or legal rights.
- Remedies: Explains legal compensation and injunctions available to victims.
- Defamation: Covers false statements that harm a person’s reputation.
- Strict and Absolute Liability: Covers liability without proving fault in specified situations.
NLU-Wise Cut-offs & Fee Structure:
| NLU Delhi Cut-off | NLU Kolkata fee structure |
| NLU Kolkata Cut-off | NLU Bhopal fee structure |
| GNLU Gandhinagar Cut-off | NLU Goa Seats |
Subject-wise Weightage in CLAT
Current Affairs & General Knowledge in CLAT UG, whereas core law subjects in CLAT PG have the highest weightage.
CLAT UG Subject-Wise Weightage
| Section | Number of Questions | Weightage |
| English Language | 22-26 | 20% |
| Current Affairs & General Knowledge | 28-32 | 25% |
| Legal Reasoning | 28-32 | 25% |
| Logical Reasoning | 22-26 | 20% |
| Quantitative Techniques | 10-14 | 10% |
| Total | 120 | 100% |
CLAT UG Subject-Wise Weightage
| Subject | Number of Questions | Total Marks |
| Constitutional Law | 25–30 | 25–30 |
| Other Core Laws (Jurisprudence, Contracts, Criminal Law, Administrative Law, Torts, etc.) | 90–95 | 90–95 |
| Total | 120 | 120 |
NLU-Wise Cut-offs, Fee Structure & Seats:
| GNLU Gandhinagar Cut-off | NALSAR Hyderabad Fees |
| NLSIU Bangalore Fee Structure | NLSIU Bangalore Seats |
| NALSAR Hyderabad Cut-off | NLSIU Bangalore Cut off |
FAQs on CLAT Subjects
CLAT UG has 5 subjects: English Language, Current Affairs and General Knowledge, Legal Reasoning, Logical Reasoning, and Quantitative Techniques.
CLAT PG covers 13 core law subjects, including Constitutional Law, Criminal Law, Jurisprudence, Administrative Law, Contract Law, Property Law, and Tax Law.
No. Constitutional Law is an important subject, but CLAT PG also includes Company Law, Family Law, Environmental Law, Tort Law, Labour Law, and several other core law subjects.
The easiest subject varies by candidate. Strong preparation in English, Current Affairs, and Legal Reasoning generally helps improve overall scores.
The CLAT PG syllabus focuses on legal comprehension, statutory interpretation, and the application of legal principles through passage-based questions.
Free Resources for CLAT Preparation:
| Current Affairs Quiz | Weekly Current Affairs |
| Current Affairs | Last 6 Months Current Affairs |
| Judiciary Current Affairs | Monthly Current Affairs Quiz |
| Weekly Current Affairs Quiz | Monthly Current Affairs |
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